Study of Fertility and Factors Affecting its Rate By Dr. Sonia Malik

• Dr. Sonia Malik, an IVF specialist at Nova IVF Fertility in New Delhi, India, conducts a detailed study of fertility and factors affecting its rate.
• Dr. Sonia, a veteran obstetrician gynaecologist has 30 years of experience in ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) & IVF, has reached some conclusions about India's declining fertility rate.
• According to India's fertility forecast, the total fertility rate in India is consistently reducing, and it is at the population replacement rate stage.
• According to data from the most recent Sample Registration Survey (SRS), the general fertility rate has dropped by 28.5% among working-eligible couples, with a dramatic drop of 0.92% observed in 2022.
• The year 2022 witnessed low ovarian reserves in females and a decline in the quality of sperm counts in men. Last year, 30% of women had low ovarian reserves, and about 15% of men had a sperm count of zero.

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• Major contributors to the loss in male fertility have been identified as oligospermia, oligoasthenospermia, and globozoospermia.
• Breast cancer, genital tuberculosis, and cervical cancer have all been harmful factors that have hampered fertility, particularly in women.
• In response to the world's rising number of fertility issues, cutting-edge therapies like ovarian rejuvenation (PRP), endometrial PRP, stem cell production, and embryo copy have been gaining popularity.
• Modern techniques such as preimplantation genetic testing and laser-assisted hatching have evolved.
• Egg freezing has become a viable option for women who want to delay pregnancy and is best done before age 35.
• Fertility preservation has become an excellent means to postpone and guarantee fertility alternatives and has been gaining popularity worldwide in response to ever-increasing fertility problems.
• The Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Bill, of 2020, focuses on the standardisation and regulation of the fertility sector to promote and strengthen doctor-patient relationships and ethically transparent practices.

Source: ET Healthworld